Family Educational Rights and 隐私 Act (FERPA)
The Family Educational Rights and 隐私 Act (FERPA) (20 U.S.C. § 1232g; 34 CFR Part 99) is a Federal law that protects the privacy of student education records. 这项法律适用于所有接受美国联邦教育资助计划资助的学校.S. Department of Education.
FERPA赋予父母关于子女教育记录的某些权利. 当学生年满18岁或就读高中以上的学校时，这些权利转移给学生. 学生 to whom the rights have transferred are eligible students.
如上所述, the rights under FERPA transfer from the parents to the student, 一旦学生年满18岁或在任何年龄进入高等教育机构. 然而, 尽管FERPA规定的权利现在已经转移给了学生, 学校可以向学生家长披露“合格学生”的教育记录信息, without the student's consent, if the student is a dependent for tax purposes. 学生的年龄和家长作为监护人的身份都无关. 如果学生被父母中的任何一方申报为受抚养人纳税, then either parent may have access under this provision.
父母 and Eligible 学生 Rights include:
有权在十大正规平台收到访问请求之日起45天内检查和审查学生的教育记录. 家长或符合条件的学生应向校长提交申请, 一份书面请求，确定家长或符合条件的学生希望检查的记录. 十大正规平台官员将安排访问，并通知家长或符合条件的学生可以检查记录的时间和地点. 如果收到请求的十大正规平台官员没有保存记录, 该官员应告知家长或符合资格的学生应向哪位正确的官员提出申请. 除非家长或符合条件的学生无法访问记录，否则十大正规平台会收取副本费用.
家长或符合资格的学生认为学生的教育记录不准确，有权要求修改, 误导, 或以其他方式侵犯家长或符合条件的学生在FERPA下的隐私权. 家长或符合条件的学生如果希望要求学校修改记录，应写信给负责记录的学校官员, 明确家长或符合条件的学生希望更改的记录部分, and specify why it should be changed.
If 十大正规平台 decides not to amend the record as requested, 学校将以书面形式通知家长或符合条件的学生，并告知家长或符合条件的学生要求听证的权利, 在十大正规平台目录中为学术审查委员会制定的程序内进行, regarding the request for amendment. 有关听证会程序的其他信息，将提供给家长或符合条件的学生，当通知他们有权参加听证会
听证会结束后, if the school still decides not to amend the record, 家长或符合条件的学生有权在记录中陈述他或她对有争议的信息的看法.
一般, 学校必须得到家长或符合条件的学生的书面许可，才能公布学生教育记录中的任何信息. 然而, FERPA allows schools to disclose those records, 不同意, 向以下各方或在以下条件下(34 CFR§99).31):
- School officials with legitimate educational interest;
- Other schools to which a student is transferring;
- Specified officials for audit or evaluation purposes;
- Appropriate parties in connection with financial aid to a student;
- 为学校或代表学校进行某些研究的组织;
- Accrediting organizations;
- To comply with a judicial order or lawfully issued subpoena;
- Appropriate officials in cases of health and safety emergencies; and
- 州和地方当局，在少年司法系统内，根据具体的州法律.
学校官员是学校行政管理部门雇用的人员, 监督, academic or research, or support staff position (including law enforcement unit personnel and health staff); a person or company with whom 十大正规平台 has contracted as its agent to provide a service instead of using 十大正规平台 employees or officials (如 an attorney, 审计师, or collection agent); a person serving on the Board of Trustees; or a student serving on an official committee, 如 a disciplinary or grievance committee, or assisting another school official in performing his or her tasks; and in order to comply with a lawfully issued subpoena or court order.
如果学校官员需要审查教育记录以履行其对十大正规平台的专业责任，则学校官员具有合法的教育利益.
Upon request of another school, 十大正规平台还在未经学生寻求或打算入学的另一所学校的官员同意的情况下披露教育记录.
十大正规平台可披露, 不同意, "directory" information, 如, 但不限于, the eligible student's name, address, 电话号码, date and place of birth, 荣誉及奖励, and dates of attendance. 家长和符合条件的学生可以通过联系学生目前就读或以前就读的十大正规平台所在地的校园校长，要求学校不要透露有关他们的目录信息.
Written consent must state the purpose of disclosure, specify records to be disclosed, identify those to whom the disclosure may be made, and must be signed and dated. 十大正规平台 Presidents will provide direction for these requests.
The right to file a complaint with the U.S. 就十大正规平台涉嫌未能遵守FERPA的要求而向教育部提出的投诉. The name and address of the Office that administers FERPA is:
Family Policy Compliance Office
U.S. Department of Education
400 Maryland Avenue, SW
Washington, DC 20202-8520
电话:1.800.美国.学(1.800.872.5327)
Individuals who use TDD may use the Federal Relay Service